Xerostomia is a sensation of dry mouth due to decreased salivary flow. Which of the following is a common cause?

• A. Medications
• B. Bacterial infection
• C. Vitamin deficiency
• D. High-sugar diet

Answer: (A)

Xerostomia, or dry mouth, happens when the salivary glands don’t produce enough saliva. A very common reason is medications. Many drugs have anticholinergic effects or cause dehydration, both of which reduce saliva production. Drugs from several categories are frequently implicated, including antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants, antipsychotics, blood pressure and heart meds (like diuretics), and opioids. Because these medications are widely prescribed, drug-induced dry mouth is a frequent cause in practice.

Other choices don’t fit as the primary driver. Bacterial infections can cause oral discomfort but don’t usually create a persistent sensation of dryness. Vitamin deficiencies aren’t a typical direct cause of xerostomia. A high-sugar diet affects teeth and oral health more than it directly causes reduced saliva production, though it can worsen problems if saliva is already low.