Which statement best summarizes the preventability of major diseases?

• A. A large proportion are preventable through behavior and lifestyle choices
• B. No major diseases are preventable
• C. All major diseases are preventable
• D. Preventability is unpredictable

Answer: (A)

Many major diseases share modifiable risk factors that respond to how we live. Things like not smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, staying physically active, limiting alcohol, and following recommended screenings and vaccinations can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, many cancers, type 2 diabetes, and other chronic conditions. Because these diseases often arise from controllable behaviors and lifestyle factors, a large proportion of them are preventable through such changes. At the same time, prevention isn’t universal—some diseases have genetic or other non-modifiable components, and not every case can be prevented despite best efforts. So the best summary is that a large proportion are preventable through behavior and lifestyle choices.