Which medications should be avoided during pregnancy?

• A. Aspirin or Ibuprofen
• B. Tetracyclines
• C. Chloramphenicol
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Medications that can harm a developing fetus are avoided during pregnancy. Aspirin and ibuprofen (NSAIDs) can affect fetal kidney function and circulation, and if used late in pregnancy they may close the ductus arteriosus, risking heart and lung problems for the baby. Tetracyclines can permanently discolor a developing baby’s teeth and impair bone growth, so they’re avoided in pregnancy. Chloramphenicol can cause serious newborn effects like gray baby syndrome and bone marrow suppression. Because each of these drugs carries fetal risks, all of them are avoided unless a clinician determines a clear, monitored need. If relief or treatment is needed, safer options like acetaminophen for pain or fever, and pregnancy-safe antibiotics as advised by a healthcare provider, should be used.