Which disease is characterized by sticky and thick secretions that affect the lungs and pancreas?

• A. Cystic fibrosis
• B. Emphysema
• C. Chronic bronchitis
• D. Asthma

Answer: (A)

Sticky, thick secretions in both the lungs and the pancreas point to cystic fibrosis. This genetic disorder stems from CFTR gene mutations that disrupt chloride transport, which dries out and thickens mucus. In the lungs, the viscous mucus clogs airways, leading to chronic cough, recurrent infections, and potential lung damage. In the pancreas, the mucus blocks pancreatic ducts, causing exocrine insufficiency and malabsorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins. This combination of pulmonary and pancreatic involvement is the hallmark of cystic fibrosis, setting it apart from emphysema, chronic bronchitis, or asthma, which affect the airways but do not involve pancreatic disease.